Uruzi rwa Rima

ni rumwe mu migezi ikomeye yo mu buraruko bushira uburengero bwa Nigeria, rufitaniye isano n’uruzi rwa Sokoto, kandi ni kimwe mu mashami y’uruzi rwa Niger. Rima ni uruzi rufise akamaro kanini mu buhinzi, amazi y’abantu n’ubuzima bw’ibidukikije mu turere two mu Sahel.

Izina: Uruzi rwa Rima

Igihugu: Nigeria

Uburebure: ~500 km (hafi, bivugwa bitandukanye)

Isoko (source): Amajyaruguru bushira uburengero bwa Nigeria (Katsina–Zamfara uplands)

Iherezo (mouth): Rwinjira mu ruzi rwa Sokoto, hanyuma muri Niger

Sisitemu: Niger River Basin

Akarere runyuramwo: Katsina, Zamfara, Sokoto

Ubwoko: Ishami rinini ry’uruzi (tributary system)

Aho ruva n’aho rugana

Uruzi rwa Rima ruvira mu bibaya n’imisozi mito ya Katsina na Zamfara mu buraruko bwa Nigeria. Amazi yarwo atangura ava mu migezi mito mito n’imvura igwa mu gihe c’imvura.

Rugenda rumanuka rugaca mu turere tw’amashyamba make ya Sahel, hanyuma rugahurira n’uruzi rwa Sokoto. Ku nyuma, amazi yarwo akinjira mu ruzi rwa Niger.

Uturere ruza ruracamwo

Uruzi rwa Rima ruca mu bice bikurikira:

Katsina State (isoko ry’amashami menshi)
Zamfara State (ibibaya n’ubuhinzi)
Sokoto State (aho ruhurira n’uruzi rwa Sokoto)
Ibibaya vya Sahel (akarere k’umusenyi n’izuba)

Imiterere y’uruzi

Uruzi rwa Rima rufise imiterere ijanye n’ibi:

Rushingiye ku mvura (rain-fed river)
Rwuzura mu gihe c’imvura
Rukama canke rugabanuka cane mu gihe c’izuba
Rufise amashami menshi mato mato

Akamaro k’Uruzi rwa Rima

1. Ubuhinzi

Rima ni isoko rikomeye ry’amazi yo kuhira imyaka:

umuceri
ibinyamisogwe (beans, groundnuts)
ibihingwa vyo mu Sahel (millet, sorghum)

2. Uburovyi

Mu bice bimwebimwe:

amafi ararobwa mu gihe c’imvura
atanga ifunguro ku baturage bo ku nkengera

3. Amazi yo kunywa

Abanyagihugu bo mu micungararo bakoresha amazi ya Rima:

kunywa
isuku
ibikorwa vya buri munsi

4. Ubworozi

Akarere ka Sahel gashingira cane ku:

inka
intama
impene kandi Rima ifasha mu kubona amazi mu bihe vy’izuba.

Ibinyabuzima n’ibidukikije

Uruzi rwa Rima rufise ibinyabuzima birimwo:

amafi y’amoko atandukanye
inyoni z’amazi
ibimera bikura ku nkengera
ibikoko vyo mu bibaya vya Sahel

Ariko biodiversity iragenda igabanuka kubera ihindagurika ry’ibihe.

Ibibazo ruhura na vyo

Uruzi rwa Rima ruhura n’ibi bibazo bikomeye:

kugabanuka kw’amazi (seasonal drying)
isuri n’isenyuka ry’inkengera
kwaguka kw’ubutayu (desertification)
gukoresha amazi birenze urugero mu buhinzi
ihindagurika ry’ibihe (climate change)

Akamaro mu bukungu

Rima ifasha ubukungu bwa Nigeria mu:

guteza imbere ubuhinzi bwo mu buraruko
gutanga akazi mu mirima n’uburovyi
gutuma imidugudu yegereye uruzi ibaho neza

Umusozo

Uruzi rwa Rima ni kimwe mu bigize sisitemu y’uruzi rwa Sokoto–Niger, kandi rufise uruhara runini mu buzima bw’abanyagihugu bo mu buraruko bushira uburengero bwa Nigeria. Kurubungabunga ni ngombwa kugira ngo rukomeze gutanga amazi, ifunguro n’iterambere.